2009年3月31日星期二

FINDSTR正则表达式的基本用法

1.findstr . 2.txt 或 Findstr "." 2.txt
从文件2.txt中查找任意字符,不包括空字符或空行
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2.findstr .* 2.txt 或 findstr ".*" 2.txt
从文件2.txt中查找任意字符包括空行和空字符
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3.findstr "[0-9]" 2.txt
从文件2.txt中查找包括数字0-9的字符串或行
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4.findstr "[a-zA-Z]" 2.txt
从文件2.txt中查找包括任意字符的字符串或行
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5.findstr "[abcezy]" 2.txt
从文件2.txt中查找包括a b c e z y字母的字符串或行
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6.findstr "[a-fl-z]" 2.txt
从文件2.txt中查找小写字符a-f l-z的字符串,但不包含g h I j k这几个字母。
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7.findstr "M[abc][hig]Y" 2.txt
从文件2.txt中可以匹配 MahY , MbiY, MahY等…..
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8. ^和$符号的应用
^ 表示行首,"^step"仅匹配 "step hello world"中的第一个单词
$ 表示行尾,"step<# WebPartBody #>quot;仅匹配 "hello world step"中最后一个单词
====================

9.finstr "[^0-9]" 2.txt
如果是纯数字的字符串或者行便过滤掉,例如2323423423 这样的字符串,如果是345hh888这样的形式就不成了。
====================

10.findstr "[^a-z]" 2.txt
同上,如果是纯字母的字符串或者行便过滤掉,例如 sdlfjlkjlksjdklfjlskdf这样的字符,如果是sdfksjdkf99999这样的形式,掺杂着数字就不成了
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11.*号的作用
前面已经说过了 ".*"表示搜索的条件是任意字符,*号在正则表达式中的作用不是任何字符,而是表示左侧字符或者表达式的重复次数,*号表示重复的次数为零次或者多次。
====================

12.findstr "^[0-9]*$" 2.txt
这个是匹配找到的纯数字,例如 234234234234,如果是2133234kkjl234就被过滤掉了。
Findstr "^[a-z]*$" 2.txt
这个是匹配找到的纯字母,例如 sdfsdfsdfsdf,如果是213sldjfkljsdlk就被过滤掉了
如果在搜索条件里没有*号,也就是说不重复左侧的搜索条件,也就是[0-9] [a-z]那只能匹配字符串的第一个字符也只有这一个字符,因为有行首和行尾的限制,"^[0-9]<# WebPartBody #>quot;第一个字符如果是数字就匹配,如果不是就过滤掉,如果字符串是 9 就匹配,如果是98或者9j之类的就不可以了。
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13. "\<…\>"这个表达式的作用
这个表示精确查找一个字符串,\表示字的结束位置
echo hello world computer|findstr "\"这样的形式
echo hello worldcomputer|findstr "\" 这样的形式就不成了,他要找的是 "computer"这个字符串,所以不可以。
echo hello worldcomputer|findstr ".*computer\>"这样就可以匹配了

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